Because of the processing characteristics of aluminum alloy, there are some difficulties in laser welding of aluminum alloy. So for operators engaged in welding processing, how to solve these problems? First, the aluminum alloy`s laser absorption rate is low, this question mainly is because the aluminum alloy`s question. Because of the high initial reflectivity and high thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy to laser beam, the absorption of aluminum alloy to laser beam is very low before melting. The Solution: 1. The surface of aluminum alloy was pretreated. For example, sand paper grinding, surface chemical etching, surface plating and other pretreatment measures are commonly used in production. Increase the absorption of the material to the laser. 2. The laser power density increases with the decrease of laser spot size. 3. By changing the welding structure, the laser beam can form multiple reflections in the gap, which is convenient for aluminum alloy laser welding. Second, easy to produce blowhole and hot crack, aluminum alloy laser welding process, easy to produce blowhole and hot crack. The Solution: 1. By adjusting the laser power waveform, the instability of the hole can be reduced, the angle of the laser beam can be changed, the magnetic field can be applied, and the gas hole can be controlled effectively. 2. When using YAG laser, the heat input can be controlled by adjusting the pulse waveform to reduce the crystal crack. 3. The mechanical properties of welded joints decrease, and the combustion loss of alloy elements during welding makes the mechanical properties of welded joints decrease. The solution is as follows: due to the instability of pores, the mechanical properties of welded joints are poor. Aluminium alloys consist mainly of Zn, MG and AL, and the boiling point of Aluminium is higher than that of the other two elements during welding. Therefore, when welding aluminum alloy elements, some low boiling point alloy elements can be added, which is conducive to the formation of small holes and welding firmness.
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